Choosing a college is a significant decision for any student, but for those on the autism spectrum, the process can be particularly daunting. Transitioning to college involves not only navigating a new academic environment but also adjusting to social dynamics, living with roommates, and managing schedules without the support systems that were in place during high school. According to the latest federal data, approximately 1 in 36 children in the U.S. were diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in 2020, a notable increase from 1 in 150 in 2000. As more autistic students pursue higher education, colleges are increasingly recognizing the need for dedicated support programs.
Jane Thierfeld Brown, director of College Autism Spectrum, notes that in 2000, there were only two specialized autism support programs at colleges, while in 2024, that number has grown to nearly 100. “Colleges are really listening and looking at enhanced services and programs,” Brown says. This shift reflects a broader understanding of the unique challenges autistic students face and the need for tailored support beyond the federal mandates for reasonable accommodations.
Understanding the transition from high school
Unlike high school, where parents often advocate for their children, college requires students to take charge of their own educational journeys. While federal law mandates equal access to education and reasonable accommodations—such as extended test time or quiet testing environments—students must actively engage with their college’s disability services and self-advocate to access these supports. The Federal Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) further complicates this transition, as colleges cannot share a student’s mental health information with parents without explicit consent.
Holistic considerations for finding the right fit
Experts emphasize that choosing a college for an autistic student should not solely hinge on available support programs. “It’s so important to feel like you’re a part of a community, regardless of what that community is,” says Amy Rutherford-Moody, director of the Mosaic support program at the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga (UTC). UTC junior Ella Dunkelberger chose her school based on its comprehensive resources, which have been instrumental in her success. “Without the program, I don’t think I’d be as successful as I am,” she shares, highlighting how the structured support helped her develop routines and social connections.
Tips for your college search
Here are some practical tips to help families and students navigate the search for autism-friendly colleges:
1. Let the Student Lead
While it can be challenging for parents to step back after years of guiding their child, allowing students to take the lead in their college search is crucial. Rutherford-Moody stresses that students must learn to gather information and solve problems independently.
2. Consider Multiple Attributes
When evaluating colleges, students should consider various factors beyond autism support. Important considerations include academic programs, campus size, location, cultural communities, and even climate.
3. Ask Plenty of Questions
While visiting campuses, families should inquire about the college’s experience with autistic students. Key questions include:
- How has the staff been trained to support autistic students?
- What specific programming is available?
- How does the disability services office collaborate with other campus resources?
- What accommodations are available, such as single rooms or part-time enrollment options?
4. Understand Associated Costs
Many specialized autism support services may come with additional costs. Some programs offer comprehensive support for a fee, while others provide services at no charge. For instance, Nova Southeastern University in Florida charges $9,644 per semester for its Access Plus program, while Bellevue College in Washington offers its Neurodiversity Navigators program at no cost.
5. Visit the campus
Exploring a college campus in person can help students gauge its accessibility and culture. Smaller colleges may provide a more personal experience, while larger institutions might offer a wider range of academic programs.
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6. Evaluate ASD program specifics
Understanding the nature of support services is essential. Some students may only need basic academic accommodations, while others may benefit from additional social support to build community and navigate new challenges.
7. Cultivate independence early
Developing life skills before college is vital for autistic students’ success. Skills such as managing personal schedules, completing household tasks, and seeking employment during high school can ease the transition into college life.
Dunkelberger, who initially struggled with homesickness, now thrives at UTC, attributing her growth to the support she received. “Look for a program that’s supportive of you in what you want to accomplish,” she advises. As she mentors incoming freshmen, Dunkelberger embodies the potential for success that awaits autistic students in college, demonstrating that with the right support, they can navigate this new chapter of life with confidence.
