Thousands of seals counted with AI and drones in groundbreaking study
A pioneering scientific study has utilised cutting-edge technology to improve the accuracy of seal population counts along a stretch of Norfolk’s coastline. The research, which employed drones equipped with artificial intelligence (AI), recorded over 8,500 seals—2,300 more than traditional counting methods carried out by volunteers on the ground.
Revolutionary counting method
For years, conservationists have relied on ground-based observations and aerial surveys to monitor seal populations. However, these methods have often presented challenges, particularly in difficult-to-access areas where visibility is restricted. Now, a pilot project led by Natural England has demonstrated how AI and drone technology can enhance data accuracy and revolutionise marine mammal conservation.
The study was conducted along an 8km (4.9-mile) stretch of shoreline around Winterton-on-Sea in Norfolk. While dedicated volunteers counted approximately 6,200 seals from the ground, drone cameras equipped with AI algorithms identified a total of 8,500 seals from an aerial perspective.
Gabriella Fasoli, a scientist at natural england, explained the discrepancy: “This difference is likely due to the drone’s aerial perspective, which provides a unique viewpoint from above, allowing for a more accurate count by detecting seals that may be hidden or less visible from the ground.”
The role of AI and drones in conservation
The two-year pilot study took flight in December when a specialist team deployed a drone equipped with high-resolution cameras. Hovering at a height of 110m (360ft), the drone captured detailed imagery of the seal colony without causing disturbance to the animals. AI technology then analysed the images, automatically identifying and counting individual seals with remarkable precision.
Emma Milner, senior marine mammal specialist at natural england, highlighted the significance of this innovative approach. “This cutting-edge technology offers a cost and time-efficient alternative to traditional monitoring methods. It enables us to build a more comprehensive national picture of seal populations and better understand population changes over time,” she said.
In addition to providing more accurate counts, AI-driven analysis will help assess the impact of human activities on crucial seal habitats, thereby informing future conservation strategies.
Importance of grey seals in the UK
The United Kingdom is home to approximately 35% of the global population of grey seals, making it a critical breeding ground for the species. As such, accurate population monitoring is vital to ensuring the long-term survival of these marine mammals.
By adopting AI and drone technology, conservationists can now obtain more reliable data without disrupting the natural behaviour of seals. This advancement is particularly significant as climate change, pollution, and increasing human activity pose growing threats to the marine ecosystem.
Volunteers remain vital
Despite the success of this technological approach, natural england emphasised that volunteers will continue to play an essential role in recording seal numbers. While drones and AI offer enhanced accuracy, human observers provide invaluable on-the-ground insights that complement digital data collection.
Milner reinforced this point, stating: “Volunteers are at the heart of conservation efforts. Their dedication and knowledge remain crucial in ensuring ongoing population assessments and habitat protection.”
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Strict regulations on drone use
To ensure the welfare of the seals, strict regulations govern the use of drones in conservation work. Natural england secured special permission to fly drones over the seal colony, adhering to best practices to minimise disturbance.
Members of the public are reminded that flying drones over seals without the necessary authorisation is prohibited. Unregulated drone activity can cause undue stress to wildlife, potentially leading to harmful consequences.
A step forward for wildlife conservation
The successful implementation of AI and drones in seal population monitoring marks a major step forward in wildlife conservation. By embracing modern technology, researchers can collect more precise data, leading to more effective conservation efforts and better protection for the UK’s seal populations.
As this pilot project continues, it is expected to shape future conservation policies, ensuring that these remarkable marine mammals thrive for generations to come.
