Chancellor Rachel Reeves has given the green light for a third runway at Heathrow Airport, marking a major step forward in London’s public transport infrastructure plans.
With an estimated completion date of 2035, this expansion is part of a broader series of transport developments designed to transform travel across the capital. Gatwick and Stansted airports are also set for expansion, while major rail and underground projects—including a Bakerloo line extension and HS2—are expected to reshape commuting in the next decade.
Here’s a closer look at eight key projects that will redefine London’s transport network in the coming years.
1. Heathrow airport’s third runway
Heathrow, Europe’s busiest airport, is moving ahead with its long-debated third runway after plans received parliamentary approval in 2018. Despite strong opposition from environmentalists and local communities, the Labour government has now pushed the project forward.
“We have asked Heathrow to come forward with plans by this summer, and we want to grant that development consent order by the end of this Parliament, so we can get the diggers in the ground,” said Rachel Reeves.
The new runway, planned for a site north of the current northern runway, is expected to drive job creation, tourism, and investment across the UK.
London Mayor Sadiq Khan remains opposed, citing concerns over noise, air pollution, and climate impact. However, Heathrow insists the project is essential for maintaining London’s global connectivity.
2. Gatwick airport’s second runway
Gatwick Airport also has an ambitious £2.2 billion expansion plan, aiming to convert its northern runway into a full operational runway. The project, which would create an additional take-off and landing spot, is expected to generate 14,000 new jobs.
Local opposition is growing due to concerns over noise pollution and emissions, but a final government decision is expected next month.
3. HS2: London to birmingham
Despite years of delays, budget overruns, and political uncertainty, the High Speed 2 (HS2) rail project remains central to London’s transport future.
The Labour government is set to continue the project, with the first phase between Old Oak Common and Birmingham Curzon Street expected to be operational between 2029 and 2033.
While much of the original northern expansion was scrapped, HS2 will still cut journey times between London and the Midlands. However, Mark Wild, CEO of HS2 Ltd, recently warned that the project remains in a “very serious situation” and requires a fundamental reset.
4. Bakerloo line extension
TfL is considering a long-awaited extension of the Bakerloo line southwards from Elephant and Castle to Lewisham, passing through Burgess Park, Old Kent Road, and New Cross Gate.
However, the project is facing significant funding challenges. In 2021, the cost of extending the line was estimated between £5.2 billion and £8.7 billion. TfL continues to seek government support, but even under the best circumstances, the extension is unlikely to open before 2040.
5. Stansted airport expansion
Stansted Airport is also set for a major overhaul, with a five-year expansion project starting this year. The improvements will focus on enlarging the main terminal and increasing passenger capacity.
Once completed, Stansted could become London’s second-busiest airport after Heathrow by 2035.
6. Liverpool street station upgrades
Following the success of the Elizabeth line, Liverpool Street Station—now London’s busiest—is due for a major refurbishment.
Plans include a new roof, improved ticket hall, and better passenger facilities. However, a more ambitious £1.5 billion redevelopment plan has sparked controversy, with over 2,100 objections filed last year.
7. New overground station in bermondsey
Plans for a new Overground station at Surrey Canal—serving Bermondsey and Millwall’s New Den stadium—have been revived with a £17 million investment.
The new Windrush line station would link Surrey Quays and Queen’s Road Peckham, improving connections in South East London.
8. Expanded cycling infrastructure
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As cycling continues to gain popularity, TfL is expanding London’s cycle network, with new routes planned for:
- Wembley to willesden junction
- Camden to tottenham hale
- Hackney to isle of dogs
- Greenwich to woolwich
- Brentford to hounslow
E-bike hire company Lime has also announced new investment in London, reflecting the growing demand for sustainable transport options.
A new era for London’s transport
With airports expanding, rail networks upgrading, and cycling routes growing, London’s transport system is set for a dramatic transformation by 2035.
However, challenges remain. Funding issues, environmental concerns, and political opposition could still derail some of these ambitious plans. As construction begins and public debates continue, Londoners will be watching closely to see whether these long-promised projects finally become reality.
